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ls
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Description
La commande ls est une commande typique des systèmes unix et un des plus connus car elle est indispensable pour naviguer dans le système de fichier. Cette commande permet en effet de recueillir des informations sur un répertoire comme la liste des fichiers contenus dans un répertoire choisis en paramètres
Exemple
axel@solaris:/$ ls bin boot cdrom dev devices etc export home kernel lib media mnt net opt platform proc root rpool sbin system tmp usr var axel@solaris:/$ ls -l total 203 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2011-04-19 01:59 bin -> ./usr/bin drwxr-xr-x 6 root sys 7 2011-04-19 01:59 boot drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4 2011-04-19 02:06 cdrom drwxr-xr-x 259 root sys 262 2011-04-21 10:15 dev drwxr-xr-x 4 root sys 6 2011-04-21 10:15 devices drwxr-xr-x 76 root sys 215 2011-04-21 10:16 etc drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 3 2011-04-19 01:50 export dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 2 2011-04-21 10:16 home drwxr-xr-x 18 root sys 19 2011-04-19 01:51 kernel drwxr-xr-x 11 root bin 187 2011-04-19 01:51 lib drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4 2011-04-21 10:16 media drwxr-xr-x 2 root sys 2 2011-04-19 01:59 mnt dr-xr-xr-x 1 root root 1 2011-04-21 10:16 net drwxr-xr-x 4 root sys 4 2011-04-19 01:58 opt drwxr-xr-x 5 root sys 5 2010-11-05 17:12 platform dr-xr-xr-x 53 root root 155328 2011-04-21 10:34 proc drwx------ 2 root root 4 2011-04-19 01:59 root drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4 2011-04-19 01:59 rpool drwxr-xr-x 2 root sys 64 2011-04-19 01:59 sbin drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4 2010-11-05 17:12 system drwxrwxrwt 2 root sys 115 2011-04-21 10:16 tmp drwxr-xr-x 31 root sys 44 2011-04-19 01:52 usr drwxr-xr-x 39 root sys 39 2010-11-05 17:12 var
Man solaris de la commande ls
User Commands LS(1) NAME ls - list directory contents SYNOPSIS ls [OPTION]... [FILE]... DESCRIPTION List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default). Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -a, --all do not ignore entries starting with . -A, --almost-all do not list implied . and .. --author with -l, print the author of each file -b, --escape print C-style escapes for nongraphic characters --block-size=SIZE use SIZE-byte blocks. See SIZE format below -B, --ignore-backups do not list implied entries ending with ~ -c with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modif- ication of file status information) with -l: show ctime and sort by name otherwise: sort by ctime -C list entries by columns --color[=WHEN] colorize the output. WHEN defaults to `always' or can be `never' or `auto'. More info below -d, --directory list directory entries instead of contents, and do not dereference symbolic links -D, --dired generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode -f do not sort, enable -aU, disable -ls --color -F, --classify GNU coreutils 8.5 Last change: April 2010 1 User Commands LS(1) append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries --file-type likewise, except do not append `*' --format=WORD across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l, single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C --full-time like -l --time-style=full-iso -g like -l, but do not list owner --group-directories-first group directories before files. augment with a --sort option, but any use of --sort=none (-U) disables grouping -G, --no-group in a long listing, don't print group names -h, --human-readable with -l, print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G) --si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024 -H, --dereference-command-line follow symbolic links listed on the command line --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir follow each command line symbolic link that points to a directory --hide=PATTERN do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN (overridden by -a or -A) --indicator-style=WORD append indicator with style WORD to entry names: none (default), slash (-p), file-type (--file-type), clas- sify (-F) -i, --inode print the index number of each file -I, --ignore=PATTERN do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN -k like --block-size=1K GNU coreutils 8.5 Last change: April 2010 2 User Commands LS(1) -l use a long listing format -L, --dereference when showing file information for a symbolic link, show information for the file the link references rather than for the link itself -m fill width with a comma separated list of entries -n, --numeric-uid-gid like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs -N, --literal print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control charac- ters specially) -o like -l, but do not list group information -p, --indicator-style=slash append / indicator to directories -q, --hide-control-chars print ? instead of non graphic characters --show-control-chars show non graphic characters as-is (default unless pro- gram is `ls' and output is a terminal) -Q, --quote-name enclose entry names in double quotes --quoting-style=WORD use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape -r, --reverse reverse order while sorting -R, --recursive list subdirectories recursively -s, --size print the allocated size of each file, in blocks -S sort by file size --sort=WORD sort by WORD instead of name: none -U, extension -X, size -S, time -t, version -v --time=WORD with -l, show time as WORD instead of modification GNU coreutils 8.5 Last change: April 2010 3 User Commands LS(1) time: atime -u, access -u, use -u, ctime -c, or status -c; use specified time as sort key if --sort=time --time-style=STYLE with -l, show times using style STYLE: full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, +FORMAT. FORMAT is interpreted like `date'; if FORMAT is FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, FOR- MAT1 applies to non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files; if STYLE is prefixed with `posix-', STYLE takes effect only outside the POSIX locale -t sort by modification time -T, --tabsize=COLS assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8 -u with -lt: sort by, and show, access time with -l: show access time and sort by name otherwise: sort by access time -U do not sort; list entries in directory order -v natural sort of (version) numbers within text -w, --width=COLS assume screen width instead of current value -x list entries by lines instead of by columns -X sort alphabetically by entry extension -Z, --context print any SELinux security context of each file -1 list one file per line --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following: KB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y. Using color to distinguish file types is disabled both by default and with --color=never. With --color=auto, ls emits color codes only when standard output is connected to a ter- minal. The LS_COLORS environment variable can change the settings. Use the dircolors command to set it. GNU coreutils 8.5 Last change: April 2010 4 User Commands LS(1)